Merck and Moderna announced that the Phase 2b KEYNOTE-942/mRNA-4157-P201 trial of mRNA-4157/V940 (investigational personalized mRNA cancer vaccine), in combination with Keytruda® (pembrolizumab), demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in the primary endpoint of recurrence-free survival (RFS) versus Keytruda alone for the adjuvant treatment of patients with stage III/IV melanoma following complete resection. Merck announced in October 2022 that it had exercised its option to jointly develop and commercialise mRNA-4157/V940.